[4]进一步而言，要素集聚已经使得 “分工”（division of labor）或“国际分工” (international specialization)失去了原来的意义，而更多地深化为一种“合作”或“参与”，即各国以一种或几种特定要素参与全球化条件下的国际化生产。
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... specialization of labor [经] 劳动分工, ... international specialization 国际专业化 functional specialization 功能专门化, 功能分...
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vertical international specialization [贸易] 垂直国际专业化
horizontal international specialization 水平国际专业化
Two theories for international specialization 国际专门化的两个理论
international specialization index 国际专业化指标
international vertical specialization 国际垂直专业化
Specialization in International Business 国际商务专业
international industrial specialization 国际产业分工
In the longitudinal dimension, the evolution of the international specialization is the dark lines of longitudinally comparative analysis.
在纵向维度上,以国际分工演进为研究的暗线进行纵向比较。
参考来源 - 国际分工、利益集团与贸易摩擦·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
The simulation results prove that: when countries show differences in resources, comparative advantages and scale economy are the natural causes of international specialization;
实验结果表明：在两国存在资源禀赋差异的条件下，比较利益和规模经营是形成国际分工的自然原因；
The paper also holds the view that the model of international specialization has experienced the transition from inter-industry and intra-industry division to intra-product division.
同时，本论文认为国际分工模式已发生了重大变化，产业间和产业内分工的形式逐渐向产品内分工模式过渡。
The trade term of less-developed regions will deteriorate if these regions enter into the international specialization with labor-extensive and resource-extensive primary products for the long time.
欠发达地区长期以劳动力和资源型初级品加工优势参与国际分工，将使初级产品贸易条件恶化。
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